The S&P 500 Index is a widely recognized stock market index that tracks the performance of 500 large, publicly traded companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States. It serves as a key benchmark for the overall health and direction of the U.S. equity market and is considered a reflection of the broader economy. The index is market capitalization-weighted, meaning larger companies have a greater impact on its value. Representing diverse industries, including technology, healthcare, finance, and consumer goods, the S&P 500 is often used by investors to gauge market trends, compare investment performance, and build portfolios.

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US S&P 500 Index